
The transponders and readers in this frequency range enable fast data transfer. Moreover, the range for reading and transmitting data can be limited to less than ten centimeters in order to comply with international security requirements.
This technology is used in contactless smart cards, access control systems and applications that require high security standards, such as payment systems, health cards and identification documents.
| Trans- ponder |
Low- frequency (NF) |
High- frequency (HF) |
Ultra high frequency (UHF) |
| Radio frequency | 125-148.5 kHz (original standard), 134.2 kHz (international standard) |
13.56 MHz | 400 MHz - 1 GHz |
| Data transmission | 4 kbit/ Sek. | 26-106 kbit/ Sek. | 25 kbit/ Sek. |
| Range | 30 cm bis 1 m | 10 cm (ISO 14443) 50 cm bis 1 m (ISO 15693) |
up to 25 meters |
| ISO standard | ISO 11784 & ISO 11785 |
ISO 14443, ISO 15693 |
ISO 18000 |
| Areas of application | Animal identification, goods identification, industrial processes and access control | Access control, logistics / goods control, contactless identification and banking cards | Warehousing, logistics of containers and trucks in shipping yards |